Humber/Ontario Real Estate Course 3 Exam Practice

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During a property inspection, an inspector notices horizontal cracks in the foundation of a house. This typically indicates:

Settling issues.
Improper drainage.
Foundation failure.
Normal wear and tear.
Roofing problems.
Exterior wall stress.

The correct answer is: Foundation failure.

Horizontal cracks in the foundation of a house often indicate significant issues related to foundation failure. This type of cracking usually occurs due to excessive pressure from soil or structural loads, leading to potential instability in the foundation. When soil expands or contracts, particularly due to moisture changes, it can exert lateral pressure on the foundation walls. If this pressure surpasses the structural integrity of the foundation, horizontal cracks may form, suggesting that the foundation is not able to adequately support the weight of the structure above or is experiencing some form of distress. While settling issues can lead to cracks, they typically manifest as vertical or diagonal cracks rather than horizontal ones. Improper drainage can contribute to foundation issues, but it tends to cause more of a gradual deterioration rather than sudden horizontal cracking. Normal wear and tear usually refers to surface imperfections that do not affect the structural integrity of the foundation significantly. Roofing problems are unrelated to foundation cracks; they pertain to issues with the upper structure and do not create the conditions that lead to horizontal cracking. Lastly, exterior wall stress is more general and does not specifically pinpoint the result of horizontal cracking, which more directly points to underlying foundation problems.